三九養(yǎng)生堂記者 鄧肯·蓋伊 報(bào)道
精彩| 霜??(shuang)降??(jiang)百??(bai)物??(wu)肅??(su)??，為?(wei)順??(shun)應(yīng)??(ying)肅??(su)殺??(sha)之??(zhi)氣?(qi)??，古?(gu)代??(dai)社??(she)會(huì)??(hui)有??(you)霜??(shuang)降??(jiang)操??(cao)練??(lian)演??(yan)武??(wu)的?(de)制??(zhi)度??(du)??。??纛??(dao)是??(shi)古??(gu)代??(dai)軍??(jun)旗??(qi)??，古??(gu)代??(dai)軍??(jun)事??(shi)活??(huo)動(dòng)??(dong)中??(zhong)多??(duo)要??(yao)致??(zhi)祭??(ji)旗??(qi)纛??(dao)??。明??(ming)初??(chu)朱??(zhu)元??(yuan)璋?(zhang)在??(zai)全?(quan)國??(guo)推??(tui)行??(xing)祭??(ji)旗??(qi)纛??(dao)神??(shen)的??(de)官??(guan)方??(fang)祀??(si)禮??(li)??，要??(yao)求??(qiu)各??(ge)處??(chu)守??(shou)御??(yu)官??(guan)在??(zai)公??(gong)廨??(xie)后??(hou)立??(li)廟??(miao)設(shè)??(she)軍??(jun)牙??(ya)六??(liu)纛?(dao)神??(shen)位??(wei)??，在??(zai)每??(mei)年??(nian)的??(de)驚??(jing)蟄??(zhe)和??(he)霜??(shuang)降??(jiang)分??(fen)別??(bie)舉??(ju)行??(xing)春?(chun)秋?(qiu)兩??(liang)祭??(ji)??。這??(zhe)種??(zhong)霜??(shuang)降??(jiang)演?(yan)兵??(bing)的??(de)祀??(si)儀??(yi)在??(zai)河?(he)北??(bei)、浙??(zhe)江??(jiang)、廣??(guang)東??(dong)等?(deng)地??(di)廣?(guang)為??(wei)流??(liu)行??(xing)??。一??(yi)般??(ban)來??(lai)說??(shuo)??，官??(guan)兵??(bing)在??(zai)霜??(shuang)降??(jiang)前??(qian)一??(yi)日??(ri)整??(zheng)裝??(zhuang)、操?(cao)兵??(bing)器??(qi)演??(yan)練??(lian)??，叫??(jiao)做??(zuo)迎??(ying)霜??(shuang)降??(jiang)??。霜??(shuang)降??(jiang)日??(ri)當(dāng)??(dang)天??(tian)在?(zai)廟??(miao)中??(zhong)官??(guan)祭??(ji)軍?(jun)牙??(ya)六??(liu)纛??(dao)之??(zhi)神??(shen)??，放??(fang)槍??(qiang)炮??(pao)??，稱??(cheng)為??(wei)“打??(da)霜??(shuang)降??(jiang)”??。舊??(jiu)時(shí)??(shi)西??(xi)南??(nan)地??(di)區(qū)??(qu)還??(hai)有??(you)“文??(wen)邊??(bian)重??(zhong)在??(zai)迎??(ying)春??(chun)??，武??(wu)邊??(bian)重??(zhong)在??(zai)迎??(ying)霜??(shuang)降??(jiang)”之??(zhi)說??(shuo)??。“沙??(sha)場?(chang)秋??(qiu)點(diǎn)??(dian)兵??(bing)”??，有??(you)人??(ren)把??(ba)霜??(shuang)降?(jiang)稱??(cheng)為??(wei)中??(zhong)國??(guo)古??(gu)代??(dai)的??(de)“軍??(jun)人?(ren)節(jié)??(jie)”??，霜??(shuang)降??(jiang)閱??(yue)操?(cao)??，尚??(shang)武??(wu)衛(wèi)??(wei)國??(guo)??，同??(tong)時(shí)??(shi)含??(han)有??(you)拔??(ba)除??(chu)不??(bu)祥??(xiang)、國??(guo)泰??(tai)民??(min)安??(an)之??(zhi)意??(yi)???！ √??(tian)道??(dao)不??(bu)言??(yan)??，而??(er)品??(pin)物??(wu)亨??(heng)、歲?(sui)功??(gong)成??(cheng)??，人??(ren)們??(men)通??(tong)過??(guo)節(jié)??(jie)慶??(qing)活??(huo)動(dòng)??(dong)對??(dui)自??(zi)然??(ran)與??(yu)農(nóng)??(nong)事??(shi)的??(de)時(shí)??(shi)序??(xu)變??(bian)化??(hua)作??(zuo)出??(chu)回??(hui)應(yīng)??(ying)??，表??(biao)達(dá)??(da)自??(zi)己??(ji)的??(de)情??(qing)感??(gan)與??(yu)信??(xin)仰??(yang)??。??“霜??(shuang)降??(jiang)今??(jin)年??(nian)已??(yi)薄??(bo)霜?(shuang)??，菊??(ju)花??(hua)開??(kai)亦??(yi)及??(ji)重??(zhong)陽??(yang)”??，重??(zhong)陽??(yang)是??(shi)發(fā)??(fa)生??(sheng)在??(zai)霜?(shuang)降??(jiang)節(jié)??(jie)氣??(qi)前??(qian)后??(hou)的??(de)重??(zhong)大??(da)節(jié)??(jie)日??(ri)??，今??(jin)年??(nian)的??(de)重??(zhong)陽??(yang)節(jié)??(jie)更??(geng)與??(yu)霜??(shuang)降??(jiang)日?(ri)前??(qian)后??(hou)相??(xiang)鄰??(lin)??，一??(yi)些?(xie)習(xí)??(xi)俗??(su)亦?(yi)有??(you)互??(hu)通??(tong)??。過??(guo)去??(qu)人??(ren)們??(men)相??(xiang)信??(xin)“重?(zhong)九??(jiu)”日??(ri)陽??(yang)氣??(qi)盛祝(sheng)極??(ji)而??(er)衰??(shuai)??，形??(xing)成??(cheng)在??(zai)野??(ye)外??(wai)登??(deng)高??(gao)避??(bi)忌??(ji)??，宴??(yan)飲??(yin)祓??(fu)禊??(xi)??，祈??(qi)福??(fu)求??(qiu)祥??(xiang)等??(deng)節(jié)??(jie)俗??(su)??。清??(qing)代??(dai)北??(bei)京??(jing)地??(di)區(qū)??(qu)延??(yan)續(xù)??(xu)了??(le)重?(zhong)陽??(yang)節(jié)??(jie)登??(deng)高??(gao)宴??(yan)飲??(yin)的??(de)古??(gu)俗祝(su)??，如??(ru)《帝??(di)京??(jing)歲??(sui)時(shí)??(shi)紀(jì)??(ji)勝?(sheng)》記??(ji)載??(zai)有?(you)九??(jiu)月??(yue)都??(dou)人??(ren)“辭??(ci)青??(qing)”活??(huo)動(dòng)??(dong)??，“治??(zhi)肴??(yao)攜??(xie)酌??(zhuo)??，于??(yu)各?(ge)門??(men)郊??(jiao)外??(wai)痛??(tong)飲??(yin)終??(zhong)日??(ri)???！边@??(zhe)種??(zhong)儀??(yi)式??(shi)性??(xing)的??(de)秋??(qiu)游?(you)活??(huo)動(dòng)??(dong)與??(yu)上?(shang)巳??(si)節(jié)??(jie)“踏??(ta)青??(qing)”相?(xiang)對??(dui)??，意??(yi)味??(wei)著??(zhe)大??(da)地??(di)草?(cao)木??(mu)搖??(yao)落??(luo)??，人??(ren)們??(men)即??(ji)將??(jiang)入??(ru)室??(shi)隱??(yin)居??(ju)??。
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