三九養(yǎng)生堂記者 鄧肯·蓋伊 報道
精彩| 專??(zhuan)家??(jia)介??(jie)紹??(shao)??，直??(zhi)系?(xi)親??(qin)屬??(shu)中??(zhong)患?(huan)乳?(ru)腺??(xian)癌??(ai)的??(de)人??(ren)數??(shu)越??(yue)多??(duo)??，患??(huan)病??(bing)風?(feng)險??(xian)相??(xiang)應??(ying)越??(yue)大??(da)??。??如??(ru)有??(you)一??(yi)位??(wei)直??(zhi)系??(xi)親??(qin)屬??(shu)患?(huan)乳??(ru)腺??(xian)癌??(ai)??，則?(ze)患??(huan)病??(bing)的??(de)危??(wei)險??(xian)性??(xing)增??(zeng)加??(jia)1.5—3倍??(bei)；如??(ru)有??(you)兩??(liang)位??(wei)直??(zhi)系??(xi)親??(qin)屬??(shu)患?(huan)乳??(ru)腺??(xian)癌??(ai)??，則??(ze)患?(huan)病??(bing)率??(lv)將??(jiang)增??(zeng)加??(jia)7倍??(bei)；具??(ju)有??(you)遺??(yi)傳??(chuan)性??(xing)乳??(ru)癌??(ai)基??(ji)因??(yin)檢??(jian)測?(ce)為?(wei)BRCA1、BRCA2基??(ji)因??(yin)突??(tu)變??(bian)的??(de)患??(huan)者??(zhe)??，患??(huan)乳??(ru)腺??(xian)癌??(ai)、卵??(luan)巢??(chao)癌?(ai)和??(he)其??(qi)他?(ta)惡??(e)性??(xing)腫?(zhong)瘤??(liu)的??(de)風??(feng)險??(xian)增??(zeng)加??(jia)??，對??(dui)于??(yu)BRCA1突??(tu)變??(bian)攜??(xie)帶??(dai)者??(zhe)??，≤70歲??(sui)時??(shi)乳??(ru)腺??(xian)癌??(ai)累??(lei)積??(ji)風??(feng)險??(xian)為??(wei)55%—70%??，BRCA2突??(tu)變??(bian)攜??(xie)帶??(dai)者??(zhe)的??(de)相??(xiang)應??(ying)累??(lei)積??(ji)風??(feng)險??(xian)為??(wei)45%—70%；盡??(jin)管??(guan)上??(shang)述??(shu)數??(shu)據??(ju)表??(biao)明??(ming)有??(you)乳??(ru)腺??(xian)癌??(ai)家??(jia)族??(zu)史??(shi)的??(de)女??(nv)性??(xing)患??(huan)乳??(ru)腺??(xian)癌??(ai)概??(gai)率??(lv)成??(cheng)倍??(bei)增??(zeng)加??(jia)??，但??(dan)臨??(lin)床??(chuang)上?(shang)有??(you)乳??(ru)腺??(xian)癌??(ai)家?(jia)族??(zu)史??(shi)的??(de)并??(bing)不??(bu)一??(yi)定??(ding)患??(huan)乳??(ru)腺??(xian)癌??(ai)??。據??(ju)相??(xiang)關??(guan)統(tǒng)??(tong)計??(ji)??，僅??(jin)15%—20%的?(de)乳??(ru)腺??(xian)癌??(ai)女??(nv)性??(xing)患??(huan)者??(zhe)有??(you)家??(jia)族??(zu)史?(shi)???！ ??(dui)于??(yu)具??(ju)有??(you)乳??(ru)腺??(xian)癌??(ai)家??(jia)族?(zu)史??(shi)??，即??(ji)具??(ju)備??(bei)以??(yi)下??(xia)任?(ren)意??(yi)一??(yi)項??(xiang)的??(de)女??(nv)性??(xing)??，為??(wei)乳??(ru)腺??(xian)癌??(ai)高??(gao)風??(feng)險??(xian)人??(ren)群??(qun)??，應?(ying)密??(mi)切??(qie)關??(guan)注??(zhu)乳??(ru)腺??(xian)健??(jian)康??(kang)??，可??(ke)適??(shi)當??(dang)提??(ti)高??(gao)篩??(shai)查??(zha)頻??(pin)率??(lv)：一??(yi)級??(ji)親??(qin)屬??(shu)(母??(mu)親??(qin)、女?(nv)兒??(er)以??(yi)及??(ji)姐??(jie)妹??(mei))有??(you)乳?(ru)腺??(xian)癌?(ai)或??(huo)卵??(luan)巢??(chao)癌??(ai)史??(shi)；二??(er)級??(ji)親??(qin)屬??(shu)(姑??(gu)、姨??(yi)、祖??(zu)母??(mu)和??(he)外??(wai)祖??(zu)母??(mu))中?(zhong)??，2人??(ren)及??(ji)以??(yi)上??(shang)50歲??(sui)前??(qian)患??(huan)乳?(ru)腺??(xian)癌??(ai)；二??(er)級?(ji)親??(qin)屬??(shu)中??(zhong)??，2人?(ren)及?(ji)以??(yi)上??(shang)50歲??(sui)前??(qian)患??(huan)卵??(luan)巢??(chao)癌??(ai)；至?(zhi)少??(shao)1位??(wei)一??(yi)級??(ji)親??(qin)屬??(shu)攜?(xie)帶??(dai)已??(yi)知??(zhi)BRCA1/2基??(ji)因??(yin)致??(zhi)病?(bing)性?(xing)遺??(yi)傳??(chuan)突??(tu)變??(bian)??，或??(huo)自??(zi)身?(shen)攜??(xie)帶??(dai)BRCA1/2基??(ji)因??(yin)致??(zhi)病??(bing)性?(xing)遺??(yi)傳??(chuan)突??(tu)變??(bian)??。??
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