三九養(yǎng)生堂記者 鄧肯·蓋伊 報道
精彩| 寇??(kou)哲??(zhe)明??(ming)：坦??(tan)白??(bai)說??(shuo)??，很??(hen)多??(duo)西??(xi)方??(fang)人??(ren)對??(dui)儒??(ru)家??(jia)思??(si)想??(xiang)存?(cun)有??(you)偏??(pian)見??(jian)??，認(rèn)??(ren)為?(wei)它??(ta)陳??(chen)舊??(jiu)保??(bao)守??(shou)??。??事??(shi)實??(shi)上??(shang)??，儒??(ru)家??(jia)孝??(xiao)文??(wen)化??(hua)在??(zai)中??(zhong)國??(guo)歷??(li)史??(shi)上??(shang)經(jīng)?(jing)歷??(li)了??(le)漫??(man)長??(chang)的?(de)發(fā)??(fa)展??(zhan)??，其?(qi)思?(si)想??(xiang)體??(ti)系??(xi)內(nèi)??(nei)部??(bu)對??(dui)“孝??(xiao)”的??(de)理??(li)解??(jie)是??(shi)不??(bu)斷??(duan)演??(yan)替??(ti)的??(de)??。儒??(ru)家??(jia)思??(si)想??(xiang)精?(jing)髓??(sui)在?(zai)于??(yu)構(gòu)??(gou)建??(jian)理?(li)想??(xiang)社??(she)會??(hui)??，但??(dan)它??(ta)并??(bing)不??(bu)強??(qiang)迫??(po)每??(mei)個??(ge)人??(ren)必??(bi)須?(xu)服??(fu)從??(cong)所??(suo)有?(you)社??(she)會??(hui)“規(guī)??(gui)則??(ze)”??。從??(cong)歷??(li)史??(shi)縱??(zong)向??(xiang)看??(kan)??，因??(yin)為??(wei)儒??(ru)家??(jia)思??(si)想?(xiang)內(nèi)?(nei)核??(he)非??(fei)常??(chang)尊??(zun)重??(zhong)個??(ge)人?(ren)感??(gan)受??(shou)和??(he)個??(ge)人??(ren)反??(fan)思??(si)??，所??(suo)以?(yi)早??(zao)期?(qi)儒??(ru)家??(jia)“孝??(xiao)觀??(guan)”不??(bu)是??(shi)保??(bao)守??(shou)的??(de)盲??(mang)從??(cong)??，也??(ye)不??(bu)是??(shi)盲??(mang)目??(mu)遵??(zun)循??(xun)父??(fu)母??(mu)的??(de)一??(yi)切??(qie)意??(yi)愿??(yuan)??。儒??(ru)家??(jia)先??(xian)賢??(xian)更??(geng)鼓??(gu)勵??(li)人??(ren)們??(men)自??(zi)我??(wo)反??(fan)思??(si)??，從??(cong)內(nèi)??(nei)在??(zai)發(fā)??(fa)現(xiàn)?(xian)問??(wen)題??(ti)后??(hou)約??(yue)束??(shu)言?(yan)行??(xing)??，從??(cong)而??(er)實??(shi)現(xiàn)??(xian)“和??(he)諧??(xie)”的??(de)構(gòu)??(gou)建??(jian)??。他??(ta)們??(men)認(rèn)??(ren)為??(wei)??，“孝??(xiao)”應(yīng)??(ying)該??(gai)是??(shi)天??(tian)性??(xing)自??(zi)然??(ran)的??(de)表??(biao)現(xiàn)??(xian)??，是??(shi)對??(dui)家??(jia)庭?(ting)情??(qing)懷??(huai)的??(de)表??(biao)達??(da)??。但?(dan)漢?(han)代??(dai)以?(yi)后??(hou)??，社??(she)會??(hui)制??(zhi)度??(du)發(fā)??(fa)生??(sheng)改?(gai)變??(bian)??，制??(zhi)度??(du)層??(ceng)面??(mian)開?(kai)始??(shi)推?(tui)崇??(chong)“二??(er)十?(shi)四?(si)孝??(xiao)”里??(li)的??(de)一??(yi)些??(xie)故??(gu)事??(shi)??，“孝??(xiao)”成?(cheng)為??(wei)一??(yi)種??(zhong)社??(she)會??(hui)要??(yao)求??(qiu)??，漸??(jian)漸??(jian)出??(chu)現(xiàn)??(xian)了??(le)“盲?(mang)從??(cong)孝??(xiao)順??(shun)”的?(de)傾??(qing)向??(xiang)??。直??(zhi)到??(dao)魏??(wei)晉??(jin)時??(shi)期??(qi)??，當(dāng)??(dang)時?(shi)社??(she)會??(hui)又??(you)開??(kai)始??(shi)追??(zhui)思??(si)和??(he)反??(fan)思??(si)漢??(han)代??(dai)“孝??(xiao)觀??(guan)”??，而??(er)后??(hou)又?(you)回??(hui)歸??(gui)到??(dao)“自??(zi)然??(ran)天??(tian)性??(xing)”的??(de)解??(jie)讀?(du)上??(shang)???！ ∽??(zuo)者??(zhe) 陶??(tao)思??(si)遠(yuǎn)??(yuan)
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