三九養(yǎng)生堂記者 鄧肯·蓋伊 報(bào)道
精彩| 除??(chu)了??(le)“孝??(xiao)”??，儒??(ru)家??(jia)還??(hai)有??(you)很??(hen)多??(duo)思??(si)想??(xiang)理??(li)念??(nian)極?(ji)具??(ju)當(dāng)??(dang)代??(dai)價(jià)??(jia)值??(zhi)??，比??(bi)如??(ru)“仁??(ren)”??，這??(zhe)是??(shi)我?(wo)從??(cong)儒??(ru)家??(jia)經(jīng)??(jing)典??(dian)中??(zhong)獲??(huo)取??(qu)的??(de)第??(di)一??(yi)核??(he)心??(xin)??。??今??(jin)天??(tian)仍??(reng)有??(you)許??(xu)多??(duo)中??(zhong)國(guó)?(guo)人??(ren)奉??(feng)此??(ci)理??(li)念??(nian)為??(wei)最??(zui)高??(gao)行??(xing)為??(wei)準(zhǔn)??(zhun)則?(ze)??。如??(ru)果??(guo)有??(you)一??(yi)天??(tian)??，社??(she)會(huì)??(hui)中?(zhong)的??(de)每??(mei)個(gè)??(ge)人??(ren)都??(dou)能??(neng)秉??(bing)持??(chi)這??(zhe)樣?(yang)的??(de)道?(dao)德??(de)情?(qing)懷??(huai)??，世??(shi)界??(jie)將??(jiang)溫??(wen)暖??(nuan)許??(xu)多?(duo)??。(完??(wan)) 然??(ran)而??(er)??，“孝??(xiao)”在??(zai)西??(xi)方?(fang)始??(shi)終??(zhong)不??(bu)是??(shi)傳??(chuan)統(tǒng)??(tong)思??(si)想??(xiang)的??(de)核??(he)心??(xin)??，英??(ying)文??(wen)里?(li)甚??(shen)至??(zhi)沒(méi)??(mei)有??(you)“孝??(xiao)”這??(zhe)個(gè)?(ge)詞??(ci)??。??我??(wo)們?(men)常??(chang)將??(jiang)“孝??(xiao)”翻??(fan)譯??(yi)為??(wei)“filial piety”??，但??(dan)這??(zhe)個(gè)??(ge)詞??(ci)組??(zu)跟??(gen)中?(zhong)國(guó)??(guo)文??(wen)化??(hua)語(yǔ)??(yu)境??(jing)中??(zhong)的?(de)“孝??(xiao)”仍??(reng)有??(you)很??(hen)大??(da)區(qū)??(qu)別??(bie)???！癴ilial”是??(shi)拉?(la)丁??(ding)文??(wen)??，一??(yi)個(gè)??(ge)純??(chun)粹??(cui)的??(de)形??(xing)容??(rong)家??(jia)庭??(ting)關(guān)??(guan)系??(xi)的??(de)詞??(ci)??。而??(er)“piety”的??(de)本??(ben)意??(yi)是??(shi)“虔??(qian)誠(chéng)??(cheng)”??，且??(qie)是??(shi)一??(yi)種??(zhong)對(duì)??(dui)宗??(zong)教??(jiao)信??(xin)仰??(yang)的??(de)虔??(qian)誠(chéng)??(cheng)??，兩??(liang)個(gè)??(ge)詞??(ci)放?(fang)在??(zai)一??(yi)起??(qi)的?(de)直?(zhi)接??(jie)含??(han)義??(yi)就??(jiu)是??(shi)“對(duì)??(dui)家?(jia)庭??(ting)的??(de)虔??(qian)誠(chéng)??(cheng)”??。這??(zhe)從??(cong)某??(mou)種??(zhong)角??(jiao)度??(du)來(lái)??(lai)說(shuō)??(shuo)就??(jiu)是??(shi)西??(xi)方??(fang)世??(shi)界??(jie)對(duì)??(dui)儒??(ru)家??(jia)“孝??(xiao)觀??(guan)”的??(de)理??(li)解?(jie)??。因??(yin)此??(ci)直??(zhi)到?(dao)今??(jin)天??(tian)??，學(xué)??(xue)界??(jie)對(duì)??(dui)將?(jiang)“孝??(xiao)”譯??(yi)為??(wei)“filial piety”都??(dou)有??(you)很??(hen)大?(da)爭(zhēng)??(zheng)議??(yi)??。很?(hen)多??(duo)人?(ren)并??(bing)不??(bu)這??(zhe)樣??(yang)理??(li)解??(jie)“孝??(xiao)觀??(guan)”??，因??(yin)為??(wei)儒??(ru)家??(jia)思??(si)想??(xiang)里??(li)的??(de)“孝?(xiao)”沒(méi)??(mei)有??(you)一??(yi)絲??(si)西?(xi)方??(fang)的??(de)宗??(zong)教??(jiao)意??(yi)義??(yi)??。“filial piety”這??(zhe)個(gè)??(ge)從?(cong)西?(xi)方??(fang)宗??(zong)教??(jiao)里??(li)衍??(yan)生??(sheng)的??(de)詞??(ci)匯??(hui)??，卻??(que)試??(shi)圖??(tu)用?(yong)來(lái)??(lai)解??(jie)釋??(shi)中??(zhong)國(guó)??(guo)家?(jia)庭??(ting)觀??(guan)念?(nian)??，這??(zhe)聽(tīng)??(ting)起??(qi)來(lái)??(lai)的??(de)確??(que)不??(bu)太??(tai)準(zhǔn)??(zhun)確??(que)??。美?(mei)國(guó)??(guo)著??(zhu)名??(ming)漢??(han)學(xué)??(xue)家?(jia)安?(an)樂(lè)??(le)哲??(zhe)(Roger T. Ames)將??(jiang)“孝??(xiao)”譯??(yi)為?(wei)“family reverence”??，盡??(jin)量??(liang)避??(bi)免??(mian)“虔??(qian)誠(chéng)??(cheng)”這??(zhe)種??(zhong)過(guò)?(guo)于?(yu)沉??(chen)重??(zhong)的??(de)意??(yi)味??(wei)??，畢??(bi)竟??(jing)“孝??(xiao)”是??(shi)天??(tian)性??(xing)自??(zi)然??(ran)??，而??(er)不?(bu)是??(shi)社??(she)會(huì)??(hui)義??(yi)務(wù)??(wu)??，“reverence”更??(geng)強(qiáng)?(qiang)調(diào)??(tiao)這??(zhe)種??(zhong)內(nèi)??(nei)心??(xin)的??(de)情??(qing)感??(gan)??，但?(dan)很??(hen)遺??(yi)憾??(han)??，這??(zhe)個(gè)??(ge)詞??(ci)也??(ye)有??(you)宗??(zong)教??(jiao)意??(yi)義??(yi)??。所??(suo)以??(yi)至??(zhi)今??(jin)我??(wo)們?(men)也??(ye)沒(méi)??(mei)有??(you)一?(yi)個(gè)??(ge)被??(bei)廣??(guang)為??(wei)認(rèn)??(ren)可??(ke)的??(de)英??(ying)文?(wen)單??(dan)詞??(ci)能??(neng)直?(zhi)譯??(yi)儒??(ru)家??(jia)思?(si)想??(xiang)中??(zhong)的??(de)“孝??(xiao)”??。
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