三九養(yǎng)生堂記者 鄧肯·蓋伊 報道
精彩| 昆??(kun)蟲??(chong)為??(wei)什??(shen)么??(me)要??(yao)遷??(qian)飛??(fei)？??這??(zhe)其??(qi)實??(shi)是?(shi)一??(yi)種??(zhong)生??(sheng)存??(cun)策??(ce)略??(lve)??。??簡??(jian)單??(dan)來??(lai)說??(shuo)??，當??(dang)一??(yi)個??(ge)地??(di)方??(fang)食?(shi)物??(wu)開??(kai)始??(shi)匱??(kui)乏??(fa)??，昆??(kun)蟲??(chong)就?(jiu)會??(hui)集??(ji)體??(ti)遷??(qian)飛??(fei)??，開??(kai)拓??(tuo)新??(xin)的??(de)食??(shi)物?(wu)來??(lai)源??(yuan)??。以??(yi)2019—2020年??(nian)危??(wei)害??(hai)全??(quan)球??(qiu)農(nóng)??(nong)業(yè)??(ye)的??(de)沙??(sha)漠??(mo)蝗?(huang)蟲??(chong)為??(wei)例??(li)??，它??(ta)們??(men)最??(zui)初??(chu)從?(cong)非??(fei)洲??(zhou)出??(chu)發(fā)??(fa)??，一??(yi)路??(lu)遷?(qian)飛??(fei)到??(dao)兩??(liang)河?(he)流??(liu)域??(yu)、南??(nan)亞??(ya)等??(deng)地??(di)??，數(shù)??(shu)量祝(liang)龐??(pang)大??(da)??，速??(su)度??(du)很?(hen)快??(kuai)??，為??(wei)害??(hai)甚??(shen)巨??(ju)??。來??(lai)自??(zi)聯(lián)??(lian)合??(he)國??(guo)糧??(liang)農(nóng)??(nong)組??(zu)織??(zhi)的??(de)監(jiān)??(jian)測??(ce)數(shù)?(shu)據(jù)??(ju)顯??(xian)示?(shi)??，每??(mei)平??(ping)方??(fang)公??(gong)里??(li)中??(zhong)遷??(qian)飛??(fei)的??(de)沙??(sha)漠??(mo)蝗??(huang)蟲??(chong)??，一?(yi)天??(tian)就?(jiu)可??(ke)以?(yi)吃??(chi)掉??(diao)3.5萬??(wan)人??(ren)的??(de)口??(kou)糧??(liang)???！ ?0世??(shi)紀??(ji)80年??(nian)代??(dai)針??(zhen)對??(dui)棉??(mian)鈴??(ling)蟲??(chong)的?(de)研??(yan)究??(jiu)??，成??(cheng)為??(wei)遷??(qian)飛??(fei)性??(xing)害??(hai)蟲??(chong)研??(yan)究??(jiu)和?(he)防??(fang)治??(zhi)的??(de)典??(dian)型??(xing)案?(an)例??(li)??。??當??(dang)時??(shi)??，棉??(mian)鈴??(ling)蟲??(chong)在??(zai)我??(wo)國??(guo)黃??(huang)河??(he)流??(liu)域??(yu)、長??(chang)江??(jiang)流??(liu)域??(yu)暴??(bao)發(fā)??(fa)成??(cheng)災??(zai)??，面??(mian)積??(ji)之??(zhi)大??(da)、為??(wei)害??(hai)之??(zhi)重??(zhong)歷??(li)史??(shi)罕??(han)見?(jian)??。奇??(qi)怪??(guai)的??(de)是??(shi)??，蟲??(chong)災??(zai)在??(zai)南??(nan)北??(bei)不??(bu)同??(tong)地??(di)方??(fang)同?(tong)時??(shi)暴??(bao)發(fā)??(fa)??，但??(dan)在??(zai)同??(tong)一??(yi)地??(di)方??(fang)每??(mei)年??(nian)發(fā)??(fa)生??(sheng)的??(de)情??(qing)況??(kuang)又??(you)有??(you)所??(suo)不?(bu)同??(tong)??。科??(ke)學??(xue)家??(jia)們??(men)猜??(cai)想?(xiang)??，這??(zhe)種??(zhong)差??(cha)異??(yi)可??(ke)能??(neng)是??(shi)遷??(qian)飛??(fei)造??(zao)成?(cheng)的??(de)??。為??(wei)此??(ci)??，科??(ke)學??(xue)家??(jia)們??(men)提??(ti)出??(chu)了??(le)一??(yi)個??(ge)“棉??(mian)鈴?(ling)蟲??(chong)兼??(jian)性?(xing)遷??(qian)飛?(fei)”的??(de)假??(jia)說??(shuo)??。
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