三九養(yǎng)生堂記者 鄧肯·蓋伊 報(bào)道
精彩| 昆??(kun)蟲(chóng)??(chong)為??(wei)什??(shen)么??(me)要??(yao)遷??(qian)飛??(fei)？?這?(zhe)其??(qi)實(shí)??(shi)是??(shi)一??(yi)種?(zhong)生??(sheng)存??(cun)策??(ce)略?(lve)??。??簡(jiǎn)??(jian)單??(dan)來(lái)??(lai)說(shuō)??(shuo)??，當(dāng)??(dang)一??(yi)個(gè)??(ge)地?(di)方??(fang)食??(shi)物??(wu)開(kāi)??(kai)始??(shi)匱?(kui)乏?(fa)??，昆??(kun)蟲(chóng)??(chong)就??(jiu)會(huì)??(hui)集??(ji)體??(ti)遷??(qian)飛??(fei)??，開(kāi)??(kai)拓??(tuo)新??(xin)的??(de)食??(shi)物??(wu)來(lái)??(lai)源??(yuan)??。以??(yi)2019—2020年??(nian)危??(wei)害??(hai)全??(quan)球??(qiu)農(nóng)??(nong)業(yè)??(ye)的?(de)沙??(sha)漠??(mo)蝗?(huang)蟲(chóng)??(chong)為??(wei)例??(li)??，它?(ta)們??(men)最??(zui)初??(chu)從??(cong)非?(fei)洲??(zhou)出??(chu)發(fā)??(fa)??，一??(yi)路??(lu)遷??(qian)飛?(fei)到??(dao)兩??(liang)河??(he)流??(liu)域??(yu)、南??(nan)亞??(ya)等??(deng)地??(di)??，數(shù)??(shu)量??(liang)龐?(pang)大??(da)??，速??(su)度?(du)很??(hen)快??(kuai)??，為??(wei)害??(hai)甚?(shen)巨??(ju)??。來(lái)??(lai)自??(zi)聯(lián)??(lian)合??(he)國(guó)??(guo)糧??(liang)農(nóng)??(nong)組??(zu)織??(zhi)的??(de)監(jiān)??(jian)測(cè)??(ce)數(shù)??(shu)據(jù)?(ju)顯??(xian)示?(shi)??，每??(mei)平??(ping)方??(fang)公??(gong)里??(li)中?(zhong)遷??(qian)飛??(fei)的??(de)沙??(sha)漠??(mo)蝗??(huang)蟲(chóng)??(chong)??，一??(yi)天??(tian)就??(jiu)可?(ke)以??(yi)吃??(chi)掉??(diao)3.5萬(wàn)??(wan)人??(ren)的??(de)口??(kou)糧??(liang)??。 20世??(shi)紀(jì)??(ji)80年??(nian)代??(dai)針??(zhen)對(duì)??(dui)棉??(mian)鈴??(ling)蟲(chóng)??(chong)的??(de)研??(yan)究?(jiu)??，成??(cheng)為??(wei)遷??(qian)飛??(fei)性??(xing)害??(hai)蟲(chóng)??(chong)研??(yan)究??(jiu)和??(he)防??(fang)治?(zhi)的??(de)典??(dian)型??(xing)案??(an)例?(li)??。??當(dāng)??(dang)時(shí)??(shi)??，棉??(mian)鈴??(ling)蟲(chóng)??(chong)在?(zai)我??(wo)國(guó)??(guo)黃??(huang)河??(he)流??(liu)域??(yu)、長(zhǎng)??(chang)江??(jiang)流??(liu)域??(yu)暴??(bao)發(fā)??(fa)成?(cheng)災(zāi)??(zai)??，面??(mian)積??(ji)之??(zhi)大??(da)、為??(wei)害??(hai)之??(zhi)重??(zhong)歷??(li)史??(shi)罕??(han)見(jiàn)??(jian)??。奇??(qi)怪??(guai)的??(de)是??(shi)??，蟲(chóng)??(chong)災(zāi)??(zai)在??(zai)南??(nan)北??(bei)不??(bu)同??(tong)地??(di)方??(fang)同??(tong)時(shí)??(shi)暴??(bao)發(fā)??(fa)??，但??(dan)在??(zai)同??(tong)一??(yi)地??(di)方?(fang)每??(mei)年??(nian)發(fā)??(fa)生??(sheng)的??(de)情??(qing)況??(kuang)又??(you)有??(you)所??(suo)不??(bu)同??(tong)???？??(ke)學(xué)??(xue)家??(jia)們?(men)猜??(cai)想??(xiang)??，這?(zhe)種?(zhong)差??(cha)異??(yi)可??(ke)能??(neng)是??(shi)遷??(qian)飛??(fei)造??(zao)成??(cheng)的??(de)??。為??(wei)此??(ci)??，科??(ke)學(xué)??(xue)家??(jia)們??(men)提?(ti)出??(chu)了??(le)一??(yi)個(gè)??(ge)“棉??(mian)鈴??(ling)蟲(chóng)??(chong)兼??(jian)性?(xing)遷??(qian)飛??(fei)”的??(de)假??(jia)說(shuō)??(shuo)??。
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