三九養(yǎng)生堂記者 鄧肯·蓋伊 報(bào)道
精彩| 但??(dan)從??(cong)哲??(zhe)學(xué)??(xue)視??(shi)角??(jiao)看??(kan)??，中??(zhong)西??(xi)方??(fang)從??(cong)意??(yi)識?(shi)源??(yuan)頭??(tou)上??(shang)又??(you)有??(you)很??(hen)大??(da)不?(bu)同??(tong)??。??在??(zai)我??(wo)看??(kan)來??(lai)??，西??(xi)方??(fang)哲??(zhe)學(xué)??(xue)起??(qi)源??(yuan)于??(yu)對?(dui)自?(zi)然??(ran)和??(he)世??(shi)界??(jie)的??(de)探??(tan)索??(suo)??，所??(suo)以??(yi)有??(you)一??(yi)種??(zhong)說??(shuo)法??(fa)是??(shi)“亞??(ya)里??(li)士??(shi)多??(duo)德??(de)的??(de)哲??(zhe)學(xué)??(xue)是??(shi)從??(cong)好??(hao)奇??(qi)開??(kai)始??(shi)的??(de)”??。但??(dan)中??(zhong)國??(guo)古??(gu)代?(dai)哲??(zhe)學(xué)??(xue)思??(si)想??(xiang)立??(li)足??(zu)于??(yu)社??(she)會?(hui)問??(wen)題??(ti)??，雖??(sui)然??(ran)一??(yi)部??(bu)分?(fen)中??(zhong)國??(guo)古??(gu)代??(dai)思??(si)想??(xiang)家??(jia)也??(ye)在??(zai)研??(yan)究??(jiu)宇??(yu)宙??(zhou)論??(lun)、陰??(yin)陽??(yang)學(xué)??(xue)??，但??(dan)中??(zhong)國??(guo)先??(xian)哲??(zhe)們??(men)的??(de)核??(he)心??(xin)出??(chu)發(fā)??(fa)點(diǎn)??(dian)不??(bu)是??(shi)這??(zhe)些??(xie)??，而??(er)是??(shi)如??(ru)何??(he)構(gòu)??(gou)建??(jian)一??(yi)個(gè)??(ge)和??(he)諧??(xie)的??(de)社??(she)會??(hui)??。近??(jin)年??(nian)來??(lai)??，一??(yi)些??(xie)西??(xi)方??(fang)學(xué)?(xue)者??(zhe)認(rèn)??(ren)為??(wei)??，雖??(sui)然??(ran)希??(xi)臘??(la)哲??(zhe)學(xué)??(xue)之??(zhi)源??(yuan)是??(shi)對??(dui)自??(zi)然??(ran)世??(shi)界??(jie)的??(de)探??(tan)究??(jiu)??，但??(dan)實(shí)??(shi)際??(ji)上?(shang)??，他??(ta)們??(men)的??(de)求??(qiu)索??(suo)和??(he)認(rèn)??(ren)識??(shi)也??(ye)反??(fan)映??(ying)了??(le)社??(she)會??(hui)問??(wen)題?(ti)??，比?(bi)如??(ru)怎?(zen)樣??(yang)建??(jian)立??(li)“正??(zheng)確??(que)的??(de)”秩??(zhi)序??(xu)??。這?(zhe)就??(jiu)又??(you)回??(hui)到??(dao)我??(wo)之??(zhi)前??(qian)提??(ti)到??(dao)的?(de)??，基??(ji)督??(du)時(shí)??(shi)代??(dai)來??(lai)臨??(lin)前??(qian)??，中??(zhong)西??(xi)方??(fang)思??(si)想??(xiang)差??(cha)異??(yi)不??(bu)大??(da)??。雖??(sui)然??(ran)彼??(bi)此??(ci)相??(xiang)隔??(ge)萬??(wan)里??(li)??，生??(sheng)活??(huo)環(huán)??(huan)境??(jing)不??(bu)同??(tong)??，但??(dan)早??(zao)期?(qi)人??(ren)類??(lei)擁??(yong)有??(you)共??(gong)同?(tong)的??(de)好??(hao)奇??(qi)和?(he)追??(zhui)求??(qiu)??。他??(ta)們??(men)在秘(zai)思??(si)考??(kao)同??(tong)樣??(yang)的??(de)問??(wen)題??(ti)??，只??(zhi)是??(shi)回?(hui)答?(da)的??(de)方??(fang)式??(shi)不??(bu)同??(tong)???！ ??(cong)歷??(li)史?(shi)的??(de)橫??(heng)向??(xiang)看??(kan)?，在??(zai)“孝??(xiao)”的??(de)認(rèn)??(ren)知??(zhi)上??(shang)?，先??(xian)秦??(qin)大?(da)儒??(ru)中??(zhong)?，孔?(kong)孟??(meng)推??(tui)崇??(chong)“自??(zi)然??(ran)本??(ben)性??(xing)的?(de)表??(biao)達(dá)??(da)”?，荀??(xun)子??(zi)則??(ze)強(qiáng)??(qiang)調(diào)?(tiao)制??(zhi)度??(du)與??(yu)禮??(li)法??(fa)會??(hui)逐??(zhu)漸??(jian)改??(gai)變??(bian)人??(ren)的??(de)思??(si)想??(xiang)??。??也??(ye)就??(jiu)是?(shi)說??(shuo)?，社??(she)會??(hui)對??(dui)“孝??(xiao)”的??(de)要??(yao)求??(qiu)會?(hui)逐??(zhu)漸??(jian)成??(cheng)為??(wei)人??(ren)的??(de)行??(xing)為??(wei)習(xí)??(xi)慣?(guan)?，人??(ren)們??(men)會??(hui)慢??(man)慢??(man)從??(cong)內(nèi)??(nei)心??(xin)接??(jie)受??(shou)“孝??(xiao)”就?(jiu)是??(shi)“應(yīng)??(ying)該??(gai)做??(zuo)的??(de)事??(shi)”?，是??(shi)生??(sheng)存??(cun)法??(fa)則??(ze)……可??(ke)見??(jian)?，中??(zhong)國??(guo)人??(ren)對??(dui)“孝??(xiao)”的??(de)認(rèn)??(ren)知??(zhi)?，各??(ge)個(gè)??(ge)歷??(li)史??(shi)時(shí)??(shi)期??(qi)也??(ye)不??(bu)一??(yi)樣??(yang)?，即??(ji)便??(bian)在??(zai)儒??(ru)家??(jia)體??(ti)系??(xi)內(nèi)??(nei)部??(bu)?，也??(ye)出??(chu)現(xiàn)??(xian)了??(le)不??(bu)同?(tong)的??(de)看??(kan)法??(fa)?，所??(suo)以??(yi)“孝??(xiao)觀??(guan)”究??(jiu)竟??(jing)是??(shi)怎??(zen)樣??(yang)的??(de)存??(cun)在??(zai)?，不?(bu)可??(ke)一??(yi)概??(gai)而?(er)論??(lun)??。
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責(zé)編：楊之光
審核：吉尼
責(zé)編：呂程平