三九養(yǎng)生堂記者 鄧肯·蓋伊 報(bào)道
精彩| 他??(ta)介??(jie)紹??(shao)說??(shuo)?，1815年??(nian)4月??(yue)?，印??(yin)度??(du)尼??(ni)西??(xi)亞??(ya)松??(song)巴??(ba)哇??(wa)島??(dao)坦??(tan)博??(bo)拉??(la)(Tambora)火??(huo)山??(shan)噴??(pen)發(fā)??(fa)?，是??(shi)人??(ren)類??(lei)有??(you)記??(ji)錄??(lu)以??(yi)來??(lai)發(fā)??(fa)生??(sheng)的??(de)最??(zui)劇??(ju)烈??(lie)的?(de)火??(huo)山??(shan)噴??(pen)發(fā)??(fa)?，使??(shi)1816年??(nian)成?(cheng)為??(wei)“無??(wu)夏??(xia)之??(zhi)年??(nian)”??。??連??(lian)續(xù)??(xu)的??(de)火??(huo)山??(shan)噴??(pen)發(fā)??(fa)使?(shi)1810-1819年??(nian)成??(cheng)為??(wei)近??(jin)500年??(nian)來??(lai)最??(zui)冷??(leng)的??(de)10年??(nian)?，是??(shi)研??(yan)究??(jiu)極??(ji)端??(duan)低??(di)溫??(wen)對(duì)??(dui)生??(sheng)態(tài)?(tai)系??(xi)統(tǒng)??(tong)彈??(dan)性??(xing)影??(ying)響??(xiang)的??(de)獨(dú)?(du)特??(te)案??(an)例??(li)??。在??(zai)缺??(que)乏??(fa)儀?(yi)器??(qi)觀??(guan)測(cè)??(ce)資??(zi)料??(liao)的??(de)條??(tiao)件??(jian)下??(xia)?，對(duì)??(dui)坦??(tan)博??(bo)拉??(la)火??(huo)山??(shan)爆??(bao)發(fā)??(fa)后??(hou)氣??(qi)候??(hou)突??(tu)變??(bian)的??(de)定??(ding)量??(liang)研??(yan)究??(jiu)可??(ke)通?(tong)過??(guo)代??(dai)用??(yong)資??(zi)料??(liao)與??(yu)模??(mo)型??(xing)模??(mo)擬??(ni)等??(deng)手??(shou)段??(duan)開??(kai)展??(zhan)?，研??(yan)究??(jiu)人??(ren)類??(lei)社??(she)會(huì)??(hui)秩??(zhi)序??(xu)變??(bian)化??(hua)可??(ke)通??(tong)過?(guo)史?(shi)料??(liao)記?(ji)錄?(lu)等??(deng)了??(le)解??(jie)?，但??(dan)對(duì)??(dui)生?(sheng)態(tài)??(tai)系??(xi)統(tǒng)??(tong)的??(de)沖??(chong)擊??(ji)?，還??(hai)缺??(que)乏??(fa)全??(quan)球??(qiu)尺??(chi)度??(du)上??(shang)應(yīng)??(ying)用??(yong)實(shí)?(shi)測(cè)??(ce)證??(zheng)據(jù)??(ju)且??(qie)標(biāo)??(biao)準(zhǔn)??(zhun)統(tǒng)?(tong)一??(yi)的??(de)研??(yan)究??(jiu)?，而??(er)樹?(shu)木??(mu)年??(nian)輪??(lun)即??(ji)是??(shi)研??(yan)究??(jiu)生??(sheng)態(tài)??(tai)系?(xi)統(tǒng)??(tong)功??(gong)能??(neng)變??(bian)化??(hua)的??(de)絕??(jue)佳??(jia)資??(zi)料??(liao)??。 論??(lun)文??(wen)第??(di)一??(yi)作??(zuo)者??(zhe)、中??(zhong)國??(guo)科??(ke)學(xué)??(xue)院??(yuan)青??(qing)藏??(zang)高??(gao)原??(yuan)研??(yan)究??(jiu)所??(suo)高??(gao)姍?(shan)副??(fu)研??(yan)究??(jiu)員??(yuan)表??(biao)示??(shi)??，本??(ben)次??(ci)研??(yan)究??(jiu)發(fā)??(fa)現(xiàn)??(xian)??，強(qiáng)??(qiang)烈??(lie)的??(de)火??(huo)山??(shan)冷??(leng)卻??(que)效??(xiao)應(yīng)??(ying)極??(ji)大??(da)程??(cheng)度??(du)降??(jiang)低??(di)了?(le)高??(gao)緯??(wei)度??(du)與??(yu)高??(gao)海??(hai)拔??(ba)地??(di)區(qū)??(qu)的??(de)森?(sen)林??(lin)生??(sheng)態(tài)??(tai)系??(xi)統(tǒng)??(tong)彈??(dan)性??(xing)：火??(huo)山??(shan)噴??(pen)發(fā)??(fa)后??(hou)5-10年??(nian)內(nèi)??(nei)的??(de)區(qū)??(qu)域??(yu)樹??(shu)木??(mu)平??(ping)均??(jun)生??(sheng)長??(chang)量??(liang)下??(xia)降??(jiang)甚??(shen)至??(zhi)超??(chao)過??(guo)30%??，同??(tong)時(shí)??(shi)??，亞?(ya)洲?(zhou)北??(bei)部??(bu)地??(di)區(qū)?(qu)森??(sen)林?(lin)與??(yu)歐?(ou)洲??(zhou)中??(zhong)西?(xi)部??(bu)地??(di)區(qū)??(qu)落??(luo)葉??(ye)松??(song)林??(lin)生??(sheng)長??(chang)穩(wěn)??(wen)定??(ding)性??(xing)也??(ye)顯??(xian)著??(zhu)降??(jiang)低??(di)?。??此??(ci)外??(wai)??，樹??(shu)木??(mu)生??(sheng)長??(chang)產(chǎn)??(chan)生??(sheng)極??(ji)端??(duan)低??(di)值??(zhi)的??(de)概??(gai)率??(lv)大??(da)幅??(fu)上??(shang)升?(sheng)??，在??(zai)多??(duo)個(gè)??(ge)區(qū)??(qu)域??(yu)??，概??(gai)率??(lv)上??(shang)升??(sheng)甚?(shen)至??(zhi)超??(chao)過??(guo)噴?(pen)發(fā)??(fa)前??(qian)10倍??(bei)?。
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