三九養(yǎng)生堂記者 鄧肯·蓋伊 報(bào)道
精彩| 據(jù)??(ju)美??(mei)國??(guo)《連??(lian)線??(xian)》雜??(za)志??(zhi)報(bào)??(bao)道?(dao)??，在??(zai)“腦??(nao)計(jì)??(ji)劃??(hua)”的??(de)早??(zao)期??(qi)階??(jie)段??(duan)??，科??(ke)學(xué)??(xue)家??(jia)開??(kai)發(fā)??(fa)了??(le)創(chuàng)??(chuang)建??(jian)小??(xiao)鼠??(shu)大??(da)腦??(nao)細(xì)??(xi)胞??(bao)圖??(tu)譜??(pu)的??(de)方??(fang)法??(fa)??，但??(dan)將??(jiang)所??(suo)用??(yong)技??(ji)術(shù)??(shu)引??(yin)入?(ru)對??(dui)人??(ren)類??(lei)大??(da)腦??(nao)的??(de)研??(yan)究??(jiu)并??(bing)非??(fei)易??(yi)事??(shi)??。?中??(zhong)國??(guo)科??(ke)學(xué)??(xue)院??(yuan)腦?(nao)科??(ke)學(xué)??(xue)與??(yu)智??(zhi)能?(neng)技??(ji)術(shù)??(shu)卓??(zhuo)越??(yue)創(chuàng)??(chuang)新??(xin)中??(zhong)心?(xin)青??(qing)年??(nian)研??(yan)究??(jiu)員??(yuan)孫??(sun)怡??(yi)迪??(di)告??(gao)訴??(su)科??(ke)技??(ji)日??(ri)報(bào)??(bao)記??(ji)者??(zhe)??，此?(ci)前??(qian)??，識(shí)?(shi)別??(bie)腦??(nao)細(xì)??(xi)胞??(bao)亞??(ya)型??(xing)的??(de)單??(dan)細(xì)??(xi)胞??(bao)測??(ce)序??(xu)技??(ji)術(shù)?(shu)一??(yi)般??(ban)用??(yong)于??(yu)小??(xiao)鼠??(shu)等??(deng)實(shí)??(shi)驗(yàn)??(yan)動(dòng)?(dong)物??(wu)??，這??(zhe)是??(shi)因??(yin)為??(wei)它??(ta)對??(dui)取??(qu)樣?(yang)細(xì)??(xi)胞??(bao)的??(de)活??(huo)性??(xing)和??(he)質(zhì)?(zhi)量??(liang)要??(yao)求??(qiu)極??(ji)高??(gao)??，而??(er)人??(ren)腦??(nao)樣??(yang)本??(ben)只??(zhi)能??(neng)來??(lai)自??(zi)已?(yi)故??(gu)的??(de)捐??(juan)贈(zèng)??(zeng)者??(zhe)或??(huo)腦??(nao)手??(shou)術(shù)??(shu)患??(huan)者??(zhe)??，這??(zhe)些?(xie)樣??(yang)本??(ben)的??(de)新??(xin)鮮??(xian)度??(du)和?(he)數(shù)?(shu)量??(liang)有??(you)限??(xian)??。因??(yin)此??(ci)對?(dui)科??(ke)學(xué)??(xue)家??(jia)而??(er)言??(yan)??，使??(shi)用??(yong)單??(dan)細(xì)??(xi)胞?(bao)測??(ce)序??(xu)技??(ji)術(shù)??(shu)分?(fen)析??(xi)人??(ren)腦??(nao)是?(shi)一??(yi)個(gè)??(ge)挑??(tiao)戰(zhàn)??(zhan)??。同??(tong)時(shí)??(shi)??，人??(ren)腦??(nao)組??(zu)織??(zhi)在??(zai)取??(qu)樣??(yang)和??(he)處??(chu)理??(li)過??(guo)程??(cheng)中??(zhong)可??(ke)能??(neng)會(huì)??(hui)受??(shou)到??(dao)更??(geng)多??(duo)損??(sun)傷??(shang)??，或??(huo)將??(jiang)影??(ying)響??(xiang)結(jié)??(jie)果??(guo)的??(de)準(zhǔn)??(zhun)確?(que)性??(xing)??。 目??(mu)前??(qian)在??(zai)荷??(he)蘭??(lan)烏??(wu)得??(de)勒??(le)支??(zhi)大??(da)學(xué)??(xue)醫(yī)??(yi)學(xué)??(xue)中??(zhong)心??(xin)任??(ren)職??(zhi)的??(de)神??(shen)經(jīng)??(jing)科??(ke)學(xué)??(xue)家??(jia)金??(jin)伯??(bo)莉??(li)·西??(xi)萊??(lai)蒂??(di)及??(ji)其??(qi)團(tuán)??(tuan)隊(duì)??(dui)對??(dui)覆?(fu)蓋??(gai)人?(ren)類??(lei)大??(da)腦??(nao)106個(gè)??(ge)位??(wei)置??(zhi)的?(de)300多??(duo)萬??(wan)個(gè)??(ge)細(xì)??(xi)胞??(bao)進(jìn)??(jin)行??(xing)了??(le)核??(he)糖??(tang)核??(he)酸?(suan)(RNA)測??(ce)序??(xu)??，分?(fen)析??(xi)記??(ji)錄??(lu)了??(le)包??(bao)含??(han)3000多??(duo)個(gè)??(ge)亞?(ya)型??(xing)的??(de)461個(gè)??(ge)腦??(nao)細(xì)??(xi)胞??(bao)大??(da)類??(lei)??，為??(wei)繪??(hui)制??(zhi)整??(zheng)個(gè)??(ge)圖??(tu)譜??(pu)奠??(dian)定??(ding)了??(le)基??(ji)礎(chǔ)??(chu)??。??研?(yan)究??(jiu)發(fā)??(fa)現(xiàn)??(xian)??，神??(shen)經(jīng)?(jing)元??(yuan)和??(he)其??(qi)他??(ta)細(xì)??(xi)胞??(bao)類??(lei)型?(xing)的??(de)組??(zu)合??(he)在??(zai)每??(mei)個(gè)??(ge)區(qū)??(qu)域??(yu)也??(ye)不??(bu)同?(tong)??，而??(er)一??(yi)些??(xie)細(xì)??(xi)胞??(bao)只??(zhi)在??(zai)特??(te)定??(ding)的??(de)位?(wei)置??(zhi)被??(bei)發(fā)??(fa)現(xiàn)??(xian)??。研??(yan)究??(jiu)還??(hai)表??(biao)明??(ming)??，腦??(nao)干??(gan)含??(han)有??(you)特??(te)別??(bie)多??(duo)的??(de)神??(shen)經(jīng)??(jing)元??(yuan)類??(lei)型??(xing)??，比??(bi)想??(xiang)象??(xiang)中??(zhong)復(fù)??(fu)雜??(za)得??(de)多??(duo)??。
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