三九養(yǎng)生堂記者 鄧肯·蓋伊 報(bào)道
精彩| 霜?(shuang)降?(jiang)是??(shi)唯??(wei)一??(yi)以??(yi)“霜??(shuang)”命??(ming)名??(ming)的??(de)節(jié)??(jie)氣??(qi)??，“霜??(shuang)降??(jiang)”作??(zuo)為??(wei)一??(yi)個(gè)??(ge)古??(gu)典??(dian)意?(yi)象??(xiang)也?(ye)深??(shen)受??(shou)中??(zhong)國?(guo)文??(wen)人??(ren)喜??(xi)愛??(ai)??，屈??(qu)原??(yuan)《遠(yuǎn)?(yuan)游?(you)》就??(jiu)有??(you)“微??(wei)霜?(shuang)降??(jiang)而?(er)下??(xia)淪??(lun)兮??(xi)??，悼??(dao)芳??(fang)草??(cao)之??(zhi)先??(xian)零?(ling)”??，唐??(tang)人?(ren)劉??(liu)長??(chang)卿??(qing)《九??(jiu)日??(ri)登??(deng)李??(li)明?(ming)府??(fu)北??(bei)樓??(lou)》詠??(yong)嘆??(tan)“霜??(shuang)降??(jiang)鴻??(hong)聲?(sheng)切??(qie)??，秋??(qiu)深??(shen)客??(ke)思??(si)迷??(mi)”??。??從??(cong)字??(zi)面??(mian)來??(lai)看??(kan)??，“霜??(shuang)降??(jiang)”給??(gei)人??(ren)一??(yi)種??(zhong)霜??(shuang)“從??(cong)天??(tian)而?(er)降??(jiang)”的??(de)感??(gan)覺??(jiao)??，正??(zheng)如??(ru)民??(min)間?(jian)常??(chang)言??(yan)“下??(xia)霜??(shuang)”一??(yi)般??(ban)??，但??(dan)其??(qi)實(shí)??(shi)霜??(shuang)是??(shi)一??(yi)種??(zhong)依??(yi)地??(di)而??(er)生??(sheng)的??(de)冰??(bing)晶??(jing)??。根?(gen)據(jù)??(ju)氣??(qi)象??(xiang)學(xué)??(xue)定?(ding)義??(yi)??，霜??(shuang)是??(shi)地?(di)表?(biao)溫??(wen)度??(du)下??(xia)降??(jiang)至??(zhi)0℃及??(ji)以??(yi)下?(xia)??，近??(jin)地??(di)面??(mian)空??(kong)氣??(qi)中??(zhong)的?(de)水??(shui)汽??(qi)達(dá)??(da)到??(dao)飽??(bao)和??(he)??，在??(zai)地??(di)面??(mian)或??(huo)近?(jin)地??(di)面??(mian)物??(wu)體??(ti)上??(shang)直??(zhi)接??(jie)凝??(ning)華??(hua)形??(xing)成??(cheng)的??(de)細(xì)??(xi)小?(xiao)冰??(bing)晶??(jing)??。如??(ru)果?(guo)類??(lei)似??(si)的?(de)現(xiàn)??(xian)象??(xiang)出??(chu)現(xiàn)??(xian)在??(zai)高?(gao)空??(kong)的??(de)話??(hua)??，通??(tong)常??(chang)是??(shi)氣??(qi)象??(xiang)學(xué)??(xue)言??(yan)稱??(cheng)的??(de)“霰?(xian)”??，系??(xi)一??(yi)種??(zhong)大?(da)氣??(qi)固??(gu)態(tài)??(tai)降??(jiang)水??(shui)??。古??(gu)人??(ren)常??(chang)以??(yi)“霰?(xian)”和??(he)“霜??(shuang)”近??(jin)似??(si)??，而??(er)將??(jiang)兩??(liang)者??(zhe)并??(bing)舉??(ju)???！稐??(feng)橋??(qiao)夜??(ye)泊??(bo)》中??(zhong)家??(jia)喻?(yu)戶??(hu)曉??(xiao)的??(de)名??(ming)句??(ju)“月??(yue)落??(luo)烏??(wu)啼??(ti)霜??(shuang)滿??(man)天??(tian)??，江??(jiang)楓??(feng)漁??(yu)火??(huo)對(duì)??(dui)愁??(chou)眠??(mian)”??，其??(qi)中??(zhong)的??(de)“霜??(shuang)滿??(man)天??(tian)”可??(ke)能??(neng)真?(zhen)正?(zheng)指??(zhi)代??(dai)的??(de)是??(shi)“霰??(xian)滿??(man)天??(tian)”??。 季??(ji)秋??(qiu)之??(zhi)月??(yue)草??(cao)木?(mu)黃??(huang)落??(luo)?，唯??(wei)有??(you)菊?(ju)花??(hua)凌??(ling)霜??(shuang)開??(kai)放?(fang)?，古??(gu)代??(dai)仙??(xian)道??(dao)方?(fang)家??(jia)視??(shi)菊??(ju)花??(hua)為??(wei)“延??(yan)壽??(shou)客??(ke)”?，人?(ren)們??(men)熱??(re)衷??(zhong)在??(zai)重??(zhong)陽??(yang)日??(ri)以?(yi)菊??(ju)花??(hua)祈??(qi)求??(qiu)益??(yi)壽??(shou)延??(yan)年?(nian)??。??在??(zai)人?(ren)煙??(yan)輻??(fu)輳??(cou)、貴??(gui)胄??(zhou)云??(yun)集??(ji)的??(de)都??(dou)市??(shi)?，重??(zhong)陽??(yang)節(jié)?(jie)賞??(shang)菊??(ju)、食??(shi)菊??(ju)習(xí)??(xi)俗??(su)又??(you)得??(de)到??(dao)進(jìn)??(jin)一??(yi)步?(bu)發(fā)秘(fa)展??(zhan)??。據(jù)??(ju)《東??(dong)京??(jing)夢??(meng)華??(hua)錄??(lu)》?，北??(bei)宋??(song)汴??(bian)梁??(liang)城??(cheng)的??(de)商??(shang)家??(jia)用??(yong)大??(da)片??(pian)菊??(ju)花??(hua)裝??(zhuang)飾??(shi)酒??(jiu)樓??(lou)入??(ru)口?(kou)?，“皆??(jie)以??(yi)菊??(ju)花??(hua)縛??(fu)成?(cheng)洞??(dong)戶??(hu)”??。到??(dao)了??(le)清??(qing)代??(dai)?，或??(huo)為??(wei)招??(zhao)攬??(lan)顧??(gu)客??(ke)?，或??(huo)為??(wei)眾??(zhong)人?(ren)玩??(wan)賞??(shang)?，茶??(cha)館??(guan)和??(he)富??(fu)貴??(gui)之??(zhi)家??(jia)以??(yi)成??(cheng)百??(bai)上??(shang)千??(qian)盆??(pen)菊?(ju)花??(hua)堆?(dui)疊??(die)成??(cheng)菊??(ju)花?(hua)山?(shan)子??(zi)、菊??(ju)花??(hua)塔??(ta)?，蔚??(wei)為??(wei)壯??(zhuang)觀??(guan)??。該??(gai)俗??(su)沿??(yan)襲??(xi)至??(zhi)今??(jin)?，現(xiàn)??(xian)在??(zai)各??(ge)大??(da)公??(gong)園??(yuan)仍??(reng)有??(you)開??(kai)辦??(ban)大??(da)型??(xing)菊??(ju)展??(zhan)的??(de)活??(huo)動(dòng)??(dong)??。
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