三九養(yǎng)生堂記者 鄧肯·蓋伊 報道
精彩| 儒??(ru)家??(jia)思??(si)想??(xiang)是??(shi)五??(wu)千??(qian)多??(duo)年??(nian)中??(zhong)華??(hua)文??(wen)明??(ming)的??(de)結??(jie)晶??(jing)??，對??(dui)當??(dang)代?(dai)世??(shi)界??(jie)具??(ju)有??(you)重??(zhong)要??(yao)的??(de)參??(can)考??(kao)價??(jia)值?(zhi)?。??儒??(ru)家??(jia)思??(si)想??(xiang)認??(ren)為??(wei)??，“忠??(zhong)、孝??(xiao)、友?(you)、悌??(ti)”是??(shi)為??(wei)人??(ren)的??(de)基??(ji)本??(ben)道??(dao)德??(de)準??(zhun)則??(ze)?。兩??(liang)千??(qian)多??(duo)年??(nian)來??(lai)??，“孝??(xiao)”作??(zuo)為??(wei)一??(yi)種??(zhong)獨??(du)立??(li)而??(er)深??(shen)沉??(chen)??，不??(bu)可??(ke)取??(qu)代??(dai)也??(ye)不?(bu)能??(neng)解??(jie)除?(chu)的??(de)原??(yuan)生??(sheng)關??(guan)系??(xi)??，逐??(zhu)漸??(jian)構??(gou)成??(cheng)了??(le)海??(hai)內(nèi)??(nei)外??(wai)華??(hua)人??(ren)的??(de)文??(wen)化??(hua)認??(ren)同??(tong)、民??(min)族??(zu)記??(ji)憶??(yi)??，已??(yi)成??(cheng)為??(wei)中??(zhong)國??(guo)社??(she)會??(hui)運??(yun)行??(xing)的??(de)內(nèi)??(nei)在??(zai)邏??(luo)輯??(ji)之?(zhi)一?(yi)?。究??(jiu)竟??(jing)何??(he)為??(wei)儒??(ru)家??(jia)“孝?(xiao)觀?(guan)”？??西?(xi)方??(fang)視??(shi)角??(jiao)如??(ru)何??(he)看??(kan)待??(dai)它??(ta)？這??(zhe)種??(zhong)觀??(guan)念??(nian)有??(you)何??(he)現(xiàn)??(xian)實??(shi)意??(yi)義??(yi)？華??(hua)僑??(qiao)大??(da)學??(xue)(廈?(sha)門??(men))哲??(zhe)學??(xue)與??(yu)社??(she)會??(hui)發(fā)??(fa)展??(zhan)學??(xue)院??(yuan)中??(zhong)國??(guo)哲??(zhe)學??(xue)副??(fu)教??(jiao)授??(shou)、英??(ying)國??(guo)青?(qing)年??(nian)漢??(han)學?(xue)家??(jia)寇??(kou)哲??(zhe)明??(ming)(Benjamin Coles)近??(jin)日??(ri)接??(jie)受??(shou)中??(zhong)新??(xin)社??(she)“東??(dong)西??(xi)問??(wen)”專??(zhuan)訪??(fang)??，通??(tong)過??(guo)比??(bi)較??(jiao)哲??(zhe)學??(xue)的??(de)視??(shi)角??(jiao)??，解??(jie)析?(xi)中??(zhong)西??(xi)方??(fang)對??(dui)儒??(ru)家??(jia)“孝??(xiao)”的??(de)不??(bu)同??(tong)理??(li)解??(jie)??，以?(yi)及??(ji)儒??(ru)家??(jia)思??(si)想??(xiang)的??(de)當??(dang)代??(dai)價??(jia)值??(zhi)?。 從??(cong)歷??(li)史??(shi)的??(de)橫??(heng)向??(xiang)看??(kan)??，在??(zai)“孝??(xiao)”的??(de)認??(ren)知??(zhi)上??(shang)??，先??(xian)秦??(qin)大??(da)儒??(ru)中??(zhong)??，孔??(kong)孟??(meng)推??(tui)崇??(chong)“自?(zi)然??(ran)本??(ben)性??(xing)的??(de)表?(biao)達??(da)”??，荀??(xun)子??(zi)則??(ze)強?(qiang)調(diào)??(tiao)制??(zhi)度??(du)與??(yu)禮??(li)法??(fa)會??(hui)逐??(zhu)漸??(jian)改??(gai)變?(bian)人??(ren)的??(de)思??(si)想??(xiang)??。??也??(ye)就??(jiu)是??(shi)說??(shuo)??，社??(she)會??(hui)對??(dui)“孝?(xiao)”的??(de)要??(yao)求??(qiu)會??(hui)逐??(zhu)漸??(jian)成??(cheng)為?(wei)人??(ren)的??(de)行??(xing)為??(wei)習??(xi)慣??(guan)??，人??(ren)們??(men)會??(hui)慢??(man)慢?(man)從??(cong)內(nèi)??(nei)心?(xin)接??(jie)受??(shou)“孝??(xiao)”就??(jiu)是??(shi)“應??(ying)該??(gai)做??(zuo)的??(de)事??(shi)”??，是??(shi)生??(sheng)存??(cun)法??(fa)則??(ze)……可??(ke)見??(jian)??，中??(zhong)國??(guo)人??(ren)對??(dui)“孝??(xiao)”的??(de)認??(ren)知??(zhi)??，各??(ge)個?(ge)歷?(li)史??(shi)時??(shi)期??(qi)也??(ye)不??(bu)一??(yi)樣??(yang)??，即??(ji)便??(bian)在?(zai)儒??(ru)家??(jia)體??(ti)系??(xi)內(nèi)?(nei)部??(bu)??，也??(ye)出?(chu)現(xiàn)??(xian)了??(le)不??(bu)同??(tong)的??(de)看??(kan)法??(fa)??，所??(suo)以??(yi)“孝?(xiao)觀??(guan)”究??(jiu)竟??(jing)是??(shi)怎??(zen)樣??(yang)的??(de)存??(cun)在?(zai)??，不??(bu)可??(ke)一??(yi)概?(gai)而??(er)論??(lun)??。
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