三九養(yǎng)生堂記者 鄧肯·蓋伊 報(bào)道
精彩| 盡??(jin)管?(guan)迄?(qi)今??(jin)為??(wei)止??(zhi)??，考??(kao)古??(gu)學(xué)??(xue)者??(zhe)對(duì)??(dui)“最??(zui)早??(zao)的??(de)中??(zhong)國(guó)??(guo)”的??(de)理??(li)解?(jie)??，千??(qian)差??(cha)萬(wàn)??(wan)別??(bie)??，但??(dan)頗??(po)可?(ke)值?(zhi)得??(de)注??(zhu)意??(yi)的?(de)??，除??(chu)了??(le)何??(he)駑??(nu)先??(xian)生??(sheng)以??(yi)陶??(tao)寺??(si)遺??(yi)址??(zhi)為??(wei)“最??(zui)初??(chu)的??(de)中??(zhong)國(guó)??(guo)”及??(ji)孫??(sun)慶?(qing)偉??(wei)先??(xian)生??(sheng)以??(yi)“黃??(huang)帝??(di)部??(bu)落??(luo)的?(de)誕??(dan)生??(sheng)”是??(shi)真?(zhen)正??(zheng)意??(yi)義??(yi)上??(shang)的??(de)“最??(zui)早??(zao)的??(de)中??(zhong)國(guó)??(guo)”的??(de)觀??(guan)點(diǎn)??(dian)外?(wai)??，其??(qi)他?(ta)學(xué)??(xue)者?(zhe)無(wú)??(wu)論??(lun)將??(jiang)“最??(zui)早??(zao)的??(de)中??(zhong)國(guó)??(guo)”解??(jie)釋??(shi)為??(wei)廟??(miao)底??(di)溝?(gou)時(shí)??(shi)代??(dai)??，抑??(yi)或??(huo)是??(shi)二??(er)里??(li)頭??(tou)文??(wen)明??(ming)及??(ji)何?(he)尊??(zun)所??(suo)記??(ji)西??(xi)周??(zhou)王??(wang)朝??(chao)初??(chu)年??(nian)的??(de)都??(dou)邑??(yi)??，但??(dan)以??(yi)上??(shang)地??(di)點(diǎn)??(dian)則?(ze)均??(jun)在??(zai)古??(gu)代??(dai)文??(wen)獻(xiàn)??(xian)所??(suo)記??(ji)被?(bei)稱(chēng)??(cheng)為??(wei)“天??(tian)下??(xia)之??(zhi)中??(zhong)”的??(de)河??(he)洛?(luo)一??(yi)帶??(dai)??。?? 西??(xi)周??(zhou)王??(wang)朝??(chao)的??(de)建??(jian)立??(li)??，通??(tong)過(guò)??(guo)對(duì)??(dui)四??(si)土??(tu)、四??(si)方??(fang)持??(chi)續(xù)?(xu)大??(da)規(guī)??(gui)模?(mo)的??(de)軍??(jun)事??(shi)征??(zheng)服?(fu)以??(yi)及??(ji)在祝(zai)此??(ci)基??(ji)礎(chǔ)??(chu)上??(shang)的??(de)大?(da)批??(pi)封??(feng)建??(jian)??，開(kāi)??(kai)拓??(tuo)出??(chu)了??(le)空??(kong)前??(qian)廣??(guang)袤??(mao)的??(de)疆??(jiang)域??(yu)??。??特?(te)別??(bie)是??(shi)對(duì)??(dui)燕??(yan)、齊??(qi)、魯??(lu)、晉??(jin)、吳??(wu)等??(deng)諸??(zhu)侯??(hou)國(guó)??(guo)的??(de)封??(feng)建??(jian)??，具??(ju)有??(you)重??(zhong)要??(yao)的??(de)戰(zhàn)??(zhan)略??(lve)意??(yi)義??(yi)和??(he)長(zhǎng)??(chang)遠(yuǎn)??(yuan)眼?(yan)光??(guang)??。周??(zhou)人??(ren)在??(zai)西??(xi)土??(tu)的??(de)基??(ji)礎(chǔ)??(chu)上??(shang)??，大??(da)體??(ti)上??(shang)控??(kong)制??(zhi)了??(le)北??(bei)自??(zi)燕??(yan)山??(shan)以??(yi)南??(nan)??，東??(dong)部??(bu)濱??(bin)海??(hai)??，南??(nan)至??(zhi)江??(jiang)淮??(huai)地??(di)區(qū)??(qu)的??(de)大??(da)片??(pian)國(guó)??(guo)土??(tu)??，從??(cong)而??(er)初??(chu)步??(bu)奠??(dian)定??(ding)了??(le)中?(zhong)國(guó)?(guo)古??(gu)代??(dai)統(tǒng)??(tong)一??(yi)的??(de)中??(zhong)原??(yuan)王?(wang)朝??(chao)政??(zheng)治??(zhi)地??(di)理?(li)的??(de)基??(ji)礎(chǔ)??(chu)??。王??(wang)國(guó)??(guo)維??(wei)先??(xian)生??(sheng)稱(chēng)?(cheng)“中??(zhong)國(guó)??(guo)政??(zheng)治??(zhi)與??(yu)文??(wen)化??(hua)之??(zhi)變??(bian)革??(ge)??，莫??(mo)劇??(ju)于??(yu)殷??(yin)周?(zhou)之??(zhi)際??(ji)???！蓖??(tong)過(guò)??(guo)政??(zheng)治??(zhi)的??(de)、軍??(jun)事??(shi)的??(de)、經(jīng)??(jing)濟(jì)?(ji)的??(de)、文??(wen)化??(hua)的??(de)影??(ying)響?(xiang)??，周??(zhou)人??(ren)牢??(lao)牢??(lao)地??(di)控??(kong)制??(zhi)了??(le)千??(qian)里??(li)邦??(bang)畿??(ji)和??(he)遼??(liao)闊??(kuo)的?(de)四?(si)土??(tu)、四??(si)方?(fang)??，并??(bing)在??(zai)此??(ci)背??(bei)景??(jing)下??(xia)??，初??(chu)步??(bu)孕??(yun)育??(yu)了??(le)“溥??(pu)天??(tian)之??(zhi)下??(xia)??，莫??(mo)非??(fei)王??(wang)土??(tu)??，率??(lv)土??(tu)之??(zhi)濱??(bin)??，莫??(mo)非??(fei)王??(wang)臣??(chen)”的??(de)朦??(meng)朧??(long)的??(de)天??(tian)下??(xia)一??(yi)統(tǒng)??(tong)觀?(guan)念??(nian)??。在??(zai)周??(zhou)人??(ren)對(duì)??(dui)千??(qian)里??(li)邦?(bang)畿??(ji)和??(he)四??(si)土??(tu)、四??(si)方??(fang)有??(you)效??(xiao)行?(xing)使??(shi)政??(zheng)治??(zhi)、經(jīng)??(jing)濟(jì)??(ji)、軍??(jun)事??(shi)等??(deng)國(guó)?(guo)家??(jia)主??(zhu)權(quán)??(quan)的??(de)同??(tong)時(shí)??(shi)??，以??(yi)夏??(xia)、商??(shang)、周??(zhou)為??(wei)主??(zhu)體??(ti)的??(de)族??(zu)群??(qun)在?(zai)與??(yu)周??(zhou)邊??(bian)各??(ge)族??(zu)頻??(pin)繁??(fan)的??(de)政??(zheng)治??(zhi)、軍??(jun)事??(shi)、經(jīng)??(jing)濟(jì)??(ji)往?(wang)來(lái)??(lai)和??(he)文??(wen)化?(hua)交??(jiao)流??(liu)過(guò)??(guo)程?(cheng)中??(zhong)??，以??(yi)中??(zhong)原??(yuan)地??(di)區(qū)??(qu)所??(suo)在??(zai)的??(de)黃??(huang)河??(he)中?(zhong)下??(xia)游??(you)地??(di)區(qū)??(qu)為??(wei)舞??(wu)臺(tái)??(tai)??，滲??(shen)透??(tou)混??(hun)融??(rong)??，增?(zeng)殖??(zhi)裂??(lie)變??(bian)??，民??(min)族??(zu)融??(rong)合??(he)空??(kong)前??(qian)加??(jia)速??(su)??，為??(wei)漢??(han)民??(min)族??(zu)的??(de)前??(qian)身??(shen)??，華??(hua)夏?(xia)民??(min)族??(zu)的??(de)形??(xing)成??(cheng)奠??(dian)定??(ding)了?(le)堅(jiān)??(jian)實(shí)?(shi)的??(de)基??(ji)礎(chǔ)??(chu)??。周??(zhou)初??(chu)政??(zheng)治?(zhi)家?(jia)在?(zai)對(duì)??(dui)四??(si)土??(tu)、四??(si)方??(fang)進(jìn)??(jin)行??(xing)控??(kong)制??(zhi)和??(he)管??(guan)理??(li)的??(de)過(guò)??(guo)程??(cheng)中??(zhong)??，不??(bu)斷?(duan)汲??(ji)取??(qu)歷??(li)史??(shi)經(jīng)?(jing)驗(yàn)??(yan)教??(jiao)訓(xùn)??(xun)??，“明??(ming)德??(de)慎?(shen)罰??(fa)”??，建??(jian)立??(li)起??(qi)維??(wei)護(hù)??(hu)西??(xi)周??(zhou)時(shí)??(shi)期??(qi)各??(ge)級(jí)?(ji)等??(deng)級(jí)??(ji)秩??(zhi)序??(xu)的??(de)禮??(li)樂(lè)?(le)制??(zhi)度??(du)??。周??(zhou)人??(ren)積??(ji)極??(ji)倡??(chang)導(dǎo)??(dao)并??(bing)長(zhǎng)??(chang)期??(qi)實(shí)??(shi)踐??(jian)的??(de)“德??(de)”的??(de)觀??(guan)念??(nian)及??(ji)影??(ying)響??(xiang)周??(zhou)人??(ren)政??(zheng)治??(zhi)、軍??(jun)事??(shi)、文??(wen)化??(hua)等??(deng)方??(fang)方??(fang)面?(mian)面??(mian)的?(de)禮??(li)樂(lè)??(le)文??(wen)明??(ming)??，構(gòu)??(gou)成??(cheng)孔??(kong)子??(zi)仁??(ren)禮??(li)學(xué)?(xue)說(shuō)??(shuo)的??(de)重??(zhong)要??(yao)源??(yuan)頭??(tou)??，并??(bing)匯??(hui)入??(ru)數(shù)??(shu)千??(qian)年??(nian)來(lái)??(lai)中??(zhong)國(guó)??(guo)傳??(chuan)統(tǒng)??(tong)文??(wen)化??(hua)的??(de)主??(zhu)干?(gan)??，成??(cheng)為??(wei)中??(zhong)華??(hua)民??(min)族??(zu)生??(sheng)生??(sheng)不??(bu)息??(xi)、發(fā)??(fa)展??(zhan)壯??(zhuang)大?(da)的??(de)豐??(feng)厚??(hou)滋?(zi)養(yǎng)??(yang)??，支??(zhi)撐??(cheng)著??(zhe)中??(zhong)華??(hua)民??(min)族??(zu)生??(sheng)生??(sheng)不??(bu)息??(xi)??，薪??(xin)火??(huo)相??(xiang)傳?(chuan)??。綜??(zong)上??(shang)可??(ke)知??(zhi)??，西??(xi)周??(zhou)王??(wang)朝??(chao)才??(cai)可??(ke)以??(yi)稱(chēng)??(cheng)得??(de)上??(shang)政??(zheng)治??(zhi)地??(di)理??(li)學(xué)??(xue)、民??(min)族??(zu)學(xué)??(xue)視??(shi)閾??(yu)和??(he)文??(wen)化??(hua)中??(zhong)國(guó)??(guo)意??(yi)義??(yi)上??(shang)的??(de)“最??(zui)早??(zao)的??(de)中??(zhong)國(guó)?(guo)”??。
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